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Trisodium
Phosphate, TSP, ไตรโซเดียมฟอสเฟต, ไตรโซเดียมฟอสเฟท,ทีเอสพี
ไตรโซเดียม
ฟอสเฟท (Tri
Sodium Phosphate) เป็นสารบัฟเฟอร์ที่เป็นด่างอย่างแก่ ทำงานเป็น Emulsifierเพื่อปรับปรุงเนื้อสัมผัสรักษาความหนืด
และป้องกันการแยกตัวของฟอสเฟต มีอีกชื่อหนึ่งว่า sodium phosphate
trosodium monophosphate. Sodium Phosphate Tribasic, Dodecahydrate, Crystal.
White, free-flowing, granular or powder. Formula: Na3PO4.12H2O.1/4 NaOH
Synonyms:
Sodium phosphate, tribasic; Sodium orthophosphate; Sodium phosphate; Trisodium
orthophosphate; Phosphoric acid, trisodium salt; Sodium phosphate
Grade:
Technical , Uses: Water softeners; boiler water compounds; detergent; metal
cleaner; textiles; manufacture of paper; laundering; tanning; photographic
developers; paint removers; industrial cleaners.
The
major use for trisodium phosphate is in cleaning agents. In combination with
surfactants, TSP is an excellent agent for cleaning everything from laundry to
concrete driveways. TSP is commonly used after cleaning with mineral spirits in
order to remove hydrocarbon residues. TSP may be used with household chlorine
bleach in the same solution without hazardous reactions.[4] This mixture is
particularly good for removing mildew. TSP is also used as a flux for use in
hard soldering joints in medical grade copper plumbing. The flux is applied as
a concentrated water solution and dissolves copper oxides at the temperature
used in copper brazing. Residues are fully water soluble and can be rinsed out
of plumbing before it is put in service. TSP can be used in ceramic production
to lower the flow point of glazes. Another use is the cleaning, degreasing and
deglossing of walls prior to painting. Trisodium phosphate has a variety of
applications but is primarily used as a cleaning agent, food additive, stain
remover and degreaser.
Trisodium
phosphate (TSP) is a cleaning agent, lubricant, food additive, stain remover
and degreaser. It is a white, granular or crystalline solid, highly soluble in
water producing an alkaline solution.
The
item of commerce is often partially hydrated and may range from anhydrous
trisodium phosphate, Na3PO4, to the dodecahydrate, Na3PO412H2O. Most often
found in white powder form, it can also be called trisodium orthophosphate or
simply sodium phosphate. Trisodium phosphate was at one time extensively used
in formulations for a wide variety of consumer grade soaps and detergents, but
ecological problems have largely ended that practice, at least in the western
world. Substitutes are not as effective, but the raw chemical can be bought in
bulk to add to other detergents.
Uses
Cleaning
The
major use for trisodium phosphate is in cleaning agents. The pH of a 1%
solution is 12, and the solution is sufficiently alkaline to saponify grease
and oils. In combination with surfactants, TSP is an excellent agent for
cleaning everything from laundry to concrete driveways. This versatility and
low manufacturing price, made TSP the preferred basis for a plethora of
cleaning products sold in the mid-20th century. TSP is still sold, and used, as
a cleaning agent, but during the late 1960s in the United States,[citation
needed] government regulators in seventeen states determined that overuse led
to a series of ecological problems with the damage to lakes and rivers through
eutrophication being the most significant.
By
the end of the 20th century, many products that formerly contained TSP were
manufactured with TSP substitutes, which consist mainly of sodium carbonate
along with various admixtures of nonionic surfactants and a limited percentage
of sodium phosphates.
TSP
is commonly used after cleaning with mineral spirits in order to remove
hydrocarbon residues.[citation needed] TSP may be used with household chlorine
bleach in the same solution without hazardous reactions. This mixture is
particularly good for removing mildew, but is ineffective at permanently
removing mold.
Although
it is still the active ingredient in some toilet bowl cleaning tablets, TSP is
generally not good for cleaning bathrooms, because it can stain metal and can
damage grout.
Flux
In
the United States, trisodium phosphate is an approved flux for use in hard
soldering joints in medical grade copper plumbing. The flux is applied as a
concentrated water solution and dissolves copper oxides at the temperature used
in copper brazing. Residues are fully water soluble and can be rinsed out of
plumbing before it is put in service.
TSP
is used as an ingredient in fluxes designed to deoxygenate nonferrous metals
for casting.
TSP
can be used in ceramic production to lower the flow point of glazes.
Painting
enhancement
TSP
is still in common use for the cleaning, degreasing and deglossing of walls
prior to painting. TSP breaks the gloss of oil based paints and opens the pores
of latex based paint providing a surface better suited for the adhesion of the
subsequent layer.
Food
additive
Sodium
phosphates (monosodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, and trisodium phosphate)
are approved as a food additive in the EU, E339.
Exercise
performance enhancement
Trisodium
phosphate has gained a following as a nutritional supplement that can improve
certain parameters of exercise performance.[8] The basis of this belief is the
fact that phosphate is required for the energy-producing Krebs cycle central to
aerobic metabolism. Phosphates are available from a number of other sources
that are much milder than TSP. While TSP is not toxic per se, it is severely
irritating to gastric mucosa unless used as part of a buffered solution.
TSP
Substitutes
See
also: Cleaning products and the environment
Products
sold as TSP substitute, containing soda ash and zeolites, are promoted as a
direct substitute. However, sodium carbonate is not as strongly basic as
trisodium phosphate, making it less effective in demanding applications.
Zeolites are added to laundry detergents as bulking agents that rapidly break
down in water and are essentially nonpolluting. Cleaning products labeled as
TSP may contain other ingredients, with perhaps less than 50% trisodium
phosphate.
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Poly Chemicals Co., Ltd.
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Website
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