โพรพิลีนไกลคอล, Propylene Glycol

โพรพิลีนไกลคอล, พีจี, Propylene Glycol, PG

โมโนโพรพิลีนไกลคอล, เอ็มพีจี, Monopropylene Glycol, MPG 

เป็นตัวทำละลาย (Solvent) สามารถละลายในน้ำ และแอลกอฮอล์ ใช้เป็นสารละลายในกลิ่นผสมอาหาร (Flavor) และหัวเชื้อกลิ่นต่างๆ หรือ สารเพิ่มอากาศในแป้งที่นวดให้เข้ากันของขนมปัง ใช้เป็นสารเพิ่ม ความชุ่มชื้น (moisturiser) ในเครื่องสำอางค์ และใช้เป็นสาร emulsifierและ disperser สำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ในอุตสาหกรรมยา และอาหาร, รวมทั้งอุตสาหกรรมต่างๆอย่างกว้างขวาง

1.         ใช้เป็นตัวทำละลาย หรือ เจือจางน้ำหอม ในผลิตภัณฑ์เครื่องสำอาง หรือใช้เป็นตัวทำละลาย หัวกลิ่นน้ำหอมเข้มข้น และในอุตสาหกรรมการผลิตอาหาร

2.         ใช้เป็นตัวทำละลายวิตามิน ชนิดที่ละลายในน้ำ

3.         ใช้เป็นสารกันเสียในเครื่องสำอางที่อยู่ในรูปของครีม และอิมัลชั่น

4.         ใช้เป็นตัวทำละลายสำหรับอุตสาหกรรมผลิตน้ำยาบ้วนปาก ยาสีฟัน ลิปติก ครีมทาผิว แชมพู

5.         อุตสาหกรรมต่างๆทั่วไป

โพรไพลีน ไกลคอล, พีจี, Monopropylene glycol, MPG, โมโนโพรพิลลีน ไกลคอล, มีเกรดอุตสาหกรรมและUSP grade ใช้กับพวกอาหารได้ Propylene Glycol สารเคมีใช้ป้องกันการจับตัวเป็นของแข็ง ในภาคอุตสาหกรรมนำไปใช้ในการทำละลาย อาทิ สีและพลาสติก แต่นำมาใช้กับเครื่องสำอางในกลุ่มมอยส์เจอไรเซอร์ ทำหน้าที่เก็บรักษาความชุ่มชื่นในเครื่องสำอาง Prolylene Glycol เป็นสารช่วยหล่อลื่น ทำให้เนื้อครีม หรือเนื้อเจลมีความลื่น

Propylene glycol is a synthetic liquid substance that absorbs water. Propylene glycol is also used to make polyester compounds, and as a base for deicing solutions. Propylene glycol is used by the chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries as an antifreeze when leakage might lead to contact with food. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has classified propylene glycol as an additive that is “generally recognized as safe” for use in food. It is used to absorb extra water and maintain moisture in certain medicines, cosmetics, or food products. It is a solvent for food colors and flavors, and in the paint and plastics industries. Propylene glycol is also used to create artificial smoke or fog used in fire-fighting training and in theatrical productions. Other names for propylene glycol are 1,2-dihydroxypropane, 1,2-propanediol, methyl glycol, and trimethyl glycol. Propylene glycol is clear, colorless, slightly syrupy liquid at room temperature. It may exist in air in the vapor form, although propylene glycol must be heated or briskly shaken to produce a vapor. Propylene glycol is practically odorless and tasteless.

Propylene glycol, also called 1,2-propanediol or propane-1,2-diol, is an organic compound (a diol or double alcohol) with formula C3H8O2. It is a colorless, nearly odorless, clear, viscous liquid with a faintly sweet taste, hygroscopic and miscible with water, acetone, and chloroform. The compound is sometimes called α-propylene glycol to distinguish it from the isomer propane-1,3-diol (β-propylene glycol). 45% of propylene glycol produced is used as chemical feedstock for the production of unsaturated polyester resins. In this regard, propylene glycol reacts with a mixture of unsaturated maleic anhydride and isophthalic acid to give a copolymer. This partially unsaturated polymer undergoes further crosslinking to yield thermoset plastics. Related to this application, propylene glycol reacts with propylene oxide to give oligomers and polymers that are used to produce polyurethanes. Propylene glycol is considered generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and it is used as an humectant (E1520), solvent, and preservative in food and for tobacco products, as well as being one of the major ingredients of the liquid used in electronic cigarettes. It is also used in pharmaceutical and personal care products. Propylene glycol is a solvent in many pharmaceuticals, including oral, injectable and topical formulations, such as for diazepam and lorazepam that are insoluble in water, use propylene glycol as a solvent in their clinical, injectable forms. Like ethylene glycol, propylene glycol is able to lower the freezing point of water, and so it is used as aircraft de-icing fluid. Water-propylene glycol mixtures dyed pink to indicate the mixture is relatively nontoxic are sold under the name of RV or marine antifreeze. It is also used to winterize a vacant structure.[9] The eutectic composition/temperature is 60:40 propylene glycol:water/-60°C.[10][11] The -50°F/-45°C commercial product is, however, water rich; a typical formulation is 40:60. Propylene glycol is a minor ingredient in the oil dispersant Corexit, used in great quantities during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.

Propylene Glycol (PG) USP/EP is a pharmaceutical grade of Monopropylene Glycols (PG or MPG) with a specified purity greater than 99.8%.

PG USP/EP is tested for compliance with specifications of:

•          United States Pharmacopeia (USP)

•          European Pharmacopoeia (EP)

•          Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP)

•          Food Chemical Codex (FCC) 

It also complies with:

•          Brazilian Pharmacopoeia (FB)

•          other pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food regulations in the global markets where it is sold 

It is listed by the Personal Care Products Council†as an approved ingredient in cosmetics, and its use is reviewed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR). PG USP/EP is Kosher and complies with Halal requirements.

PG USP/EP is an important ingredient for a multitude of uses, including:

•          Solvent for aromatics in the flavor-concentrate industry

•          Wetting agent for natural gums

•          Ingredient in the compounding of citrus and other emulsified flavors

•          Solvent in elixirs and pharmaceutical preparations

•          Solvent and coupling agent in the formulation of sun screen, lotion, shampoos, shaving creams and other similar products

•          Emulsifier in cosmetic and pharmaceutical creams

•          Ingredient for low-temperature heat-transfer fluids involving indirect food contact, such as brewing and dairy uses, as well as refrigerated grocery display cases

•          Very effective humectant, preservative and stabilizer in semi-moist pet food (with the exception of cat food), bakery goods, food flavorings and salad dressings

Applications 

Heat Transfer Fluids

Fragrance, Cosmetics and Personal Care

Food and Flavorings

Pet Food/Animal Feed

Pharmaceutical

Other Applications 

Heat Transfer Fluids, with a suitable inhibitor package, makes an excellent choice for use as a heat transfer fluid in applications where contact with potable water, food or beverages might occur. Its low toxicity, low freezing point and high boiling point make it uniquely applicable for use in such applications. 

Fragrance, Cosmetics and Personal Care 

•          Solvents, carriers, emollients, dispersants, coupling agents and co-emulsifiers, emulsion stabilizers or viscosity modifiers

•          Humectants due to their hygroscopic nature and ability to attract and hold water

•          Preservatives due to inherent antimicrobial activity against a wide range of bacterial and fungal species

propylene glycols are commonly used in many types of cosmetic formulations such as:

•          Skin care (creams, moisturizers, cleansers, lotions, sun care products)

•          Deodorants and antiperspirants (roll-on, stick and gel deodorants)

•          Hair care (shampoos, conditioners, wave sets, styling gels and coloring products)

•          Shaving products (creams, foams, gels, and after-shave lotions)

•          Bath and shower products

•          Perfumes and colognes

•          Baby care products (baby wipes)

•          Hand cleansing and disinfecting gels

•          Color cosmetics (blushes, eyeliner, lipsticks, eye shadow)

•          Dental care (mouth washes and toothpastes)

PG USP/EP can be used in direct food applications as:

•          Humectant and stabilizer (in prepared fruits, vegetables and bakery goods)

•          Solvent in flavor solutions and extractions (and in food additives, such as colors, antioxidants, enzymes and emulsifiers)

•          Plasticizer and softening agent for items such as cork seals

•          Flavor extraction solvent and processing aid in the isolation of natural flavoring materials (extracting vanilla from vanilla beans, for example) 

Propylene Glycol It also has the following indirect food application uses:

•          Heat transfer fluids for food and beverage chilling and freezing applications

•          Solvent for printing inks used in food packaging

•          Equipment cleaner, to remove contamination from food processing equipment 

has various beneficial uses including:

•          Solvent

•          Stabilizer

•          Preservative

•          Energy source

•          Humectant for moist feeds

•          Dust control agent for dry feed ingredients

•          Wetting agent for molasses

•          Lowers freezing temperature of feed

•          Preventative for ketosis

Propylene Glycol offers excellent versatility and functionality in pharmaceutical applications:

•          Solvent and extractant for a wide range of active ingredients, such as corticosteroids, phenol derivatives, barbiturates, vitamins A and D, most alkaloids and many local anesthetics

•          Emollient for softening and smoothing

•          Humectant for promoting moisture retention in skin-care products

•          Coupling agent

•          Plasticizer in aqueous film coating formulations

•          Emulsion stabilizer

•          Dispersant

•          Viscosity modifier

Application 

Use

Dust suppression 

Dust formation and the associated housekeeping issues, plus the danger of dust explosions, make dust suppression important in mining and cement grinding applications. Propylene Glycol Industrial Grade (PGI) provides good wetting ability, hygroscopic nature, low vapor pressure and low toxicity, and is ideal for use as a dust suppression agent. 

Dyes and Inks                                                      

Propylene glycols are excellent solvents and compatibilizers for the many dyes, resins and inks used in modern high-speed printing presses. System requirements determine the choice of propylene glycol product:

 •Propylene Glycol Industrial Grade (PGI) is the best choice for polar formulation

 •Dipropylene Glycol Regular Grade (DPG) is used for intermediate polarity formulations

 •Tripropylene Glycol Regular Grade (TPG) is used for inks with higher-hydrocarbon makeup

 •DOW PuraGuard™ Propylene Glycol USP/EP is recommended for applications where there is possible direct or indirect food contact

Lubricants 

Dipropylene Glycol Regular Grade (DPG) has an affinity for oils that makes it an ideal component of textile lubricant formulations. It is also approved by the FDA for indirect usage as a surface lubricant in metal part manufacture (21CFR178.3910). The water solubility and solvency properties of Tripropylene Glycol Regular Grade (TPG), along with its low volatility and high boiling point make it especially useful in lubricants. 

Natural Gas Dehydration

 When natural gas is recovered, its water content may need to be lowered to prevent water from condensing in pipelines and freezing, or from forming hydrocarbon hydrates. Hydrates can foul instruments and reduce line capacity. The hygroscopic nature of Propylene Glycol Industrial Grade (PGI) makes it an effective dehydrating fluid for use in the natural gas processing industry. 

Plasticizers 

A plasticizer is a molecule that is added to a polymer to modify its properties, making it easier to process and/or meet application requirements such as improved toughness or flexibility. Plasticizers function by internal solvation of the polymer chains. Dipropylene Glycol Regular Grade (DPG) is reacted with phthalic acid or anhydride to form the dipropylene glycol phthalate; one of the most important plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resins.

Surfactants

 "Surfactant" is a contraction of the words surface-active and agent. Surfactants function by changing the surface tension at the interface of mixtures, allowing non-miscible materials to either be dispersed into water or separated from water. Propylene glycols are used as initiators for synthesis of nonionic surfactants made from polymerization of ethylene oxides with other oxides such as propylene or butylene oxides. Propylene glycol is also used as the starting material for the synthesis of propylene glycol esters with sorbitol and/or fatty acids.

Waxes 

Tripropylene Glycol Regular Grade (TPG) and Dipropylene Glycol Regular Grade (DPG) are used to provide freeze-thaw protection in various wax products to help prevent damage caused by freezing.

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